Friday, October 21, 2022

Hi friends and my dear students! Are you searching for Active Voice and Passive Voice?  If the answer is yes, this is the right place to find Active Voice and Passive Voice A Complete Grammar Guide step by step. After reading this post, surely you will understand what Voice is. You also can play here Grammar Quiz For Class 6 To 12 to improve your grammar skills.
Active Voice and Passive Voice
Active Voice and Passive Voice

Active Voice and Passive Voice

In the active voice, the subject of the sentence "Does the action".
For example
Ravi met her.
In the passive voice, the subject of the sentence "Receives the action".
For example
She is met by Ravi.
Pronouns get changed when they change their positions in the following way.
I                     me
We                 us
You                you
They              them
He                 him
She               her
It                    it
Who              By whom
Whom           Who
What             What
Which           Which

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Active Voice and Passive Voice Rules

The Following are the “5 main Rules” changing from Active to Passive Voice.
1. The subject will become Object.
2. Change the Helping verb according to the Tense of the Active Voice Sentence.
3. Use 3rd form of the Verb.
4. Use preposition “by” just before the Object.
5. The Object will become the Subject.
For example
He Made a new mistake.
A new Mistake was made by him.

            1              2       3     4     5               
Note:
1. Generally, 8 tenses are changed into passive voice.
2. Present perfect continuous, past perfect continuous, future continuous and future perfect continuous are not changed into passive voice.

Active Voice and Passive Voice Rules Chart

Tense Rules
Present Indefinite/ Simple tense is/am/are + V3
Present Continuous tense is/am/are + being+V3;
Present Perfect tense has/have + been + V3
Past Indefinite / Simple tense was/were + V3
Past Continuous tense was/were + being +V3
Past Perfect tense had + been + V3;
Future Indefinite / Simple tense will/shall + be + V3
Future Perfect tense will/shall + have + been + V3
Modal Verbs: will/ shall/ would/ should/ can/ could/ may/ might/ must/ ought to + be + V3

Changing an assertive sentence into the Passive Voice:
Active:  They write a letter.
Passive: A letter is written by them.
Active:  We help you.
Passive: You are helped by us.
Active:  He loves his parents.
Passive: His parents are loved by him.
Active:  We love our country.
Passive: Our country is loved by us.

Changing a negative sentence into the Passive Voice:
Active:  Ravi does not write a letter.
Passive: A letter is not written by Ravi.
Active:  I do not abuse my servant.
Passive: My servant is not abused by me.
Active:  she does not write novels.
Passive: Novels are not written by her.
Active:  They do not tease her.
Passive: She is not teased by them.

Here We are going to learn how to change Interrogative Sentences.
Questions beginning with “do/does”
Active voice starting with “do/does”
Do/does + subject + verb + object? (Active Voice)
For example
Does Latha cook food? (Active Voice)
(Here ‘Latha’ is subject, ‘cook’ is verb and ‘food’ is object.)

While changing the sentence into passive, this structure becomes:
Am/is/are + subject + V3 + by + agent? (Passive Voice)
Is food cooked by Latha? (Passive Voice)
(Here ‘The food’ becomes subject in the passive voice, ‘cooked’ is V3 (past participle) of cook, and ‘Latha’ is agent (doer)

More examples to clarify.
1. Does Junaid write homework? (Active Voice)
    Is homework written by Junaid? (Passive Voice)
2. Does Raghu learn English? (Active Voice)
     Is English learnt by Raghu? (Passive Voice)
3. Do they play cricket? (Active Voice)
     Is cricket played by them? (Passive Voice)

Questions beginning with am/is/are
Active voice starting with am/is/are
Am/is/are + subject + verb + ing + object? (Active Voice)
For example
Is Latha cooking food? (Active Voice)
(Here ‘Latha’ is the subject, ‘cooking’ is a verb and ‘food’ is object.)

While changing the sentence into passive, this structure becomes:
Am/is/are + subject + being + V3 + by + agent? (Passive Voice)
Is food being cooked by Latha? (Passive Voice)
(Here ‘food’ becomes subject in the passive voice, ‘cooked’ is V3 (past participle) of cook, and ‘Latha’ is the agent (doer)
Note: Here we can notice that whenever there is verb + ing in the active voice, we have to use “being + V3” in the passive voice.

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Play Prepositions Quiz

More examples to clarify.
1. Is Junaid writing homework? (Active Voice)
    Is homework being written by Junaid? (Passive Voice)
2. Is Raghu learning English? (Active Voice)
    Is English being learnt by Raghu? (Passive Voice)
3. Are they playing cricket? (Active Voice)
     Is cricket being played by them? (Passive Voice)

Questions beginning with "did"
Active voice starting with "did"
Did + subject + verb + object? (Active Voice)
For example
Did Latha cook food? (Active Voice)
(Here ‘Latha’ is subject, ‘cook’ is a verb and ‘the food’ is object.)
While changing the sentence into passive, this structure becomes
Was/were + subject + V3 + by + agent? (Passive Voice)
Was food cooked by Latha? (Passive Voice)
(Here ‘food’ becomes subject in the passive voice, ‘cooked’ is V3 (past participle) of cook, and ‘Latha’ is the agent (doer)

More examples to clarify.
Did Junaid write homework? (Active Voice)
Was homework written by Junaid? (Passive Voice)
Did Raghu learn English? (Active Voice)
Was English learnt by Raghu? (Passive Voice)
Did they play cricket? (Active Voice)
Was cricket played by them? (Passive Voice)

Questions beginning with "was/were"
Active voice starting with "was/were"
Was/were + subject + verb + ing + object? (Active Voice)

For example
Was Latha cooking food? (Active Voice)
(Here ‘Latha’ is subject, ‘cooking’ is verb and ‘food’ is object.)
While changing the sentence into passive, this structure becomes
Was/were + subject + being + V3 + by + agent? (Passive Voice)
Was food being cooked by Latha? (Passive Voice)
(Here ‘food’ becomes subject in passive voice, ‘cooked’ is V3 (past participle) of cook, and ‘Latha’ is agent (doer).

More examples to clarify.
Was Junaid writing homework? (Active Voice)
Was homework being written by Junaid? (Passive Voice)
Was Raghu learning English? (Active Voice)
Was English being learnt by Raghu? (Passive Voice)
Were they playing cricket? (Active Voice)
Was cricket being played by them? (Passive Voice)

Questions beginning with "have/has/had"
Active voice starting with have/has/had
Have/has/had + subject + V3 + object? (Active Voice)
For example
Has Latha cooked food? (Active Voice)
(Here ‘Latha’ is subject, ‘cooked’ is V3 (past participle) of cook and ‘food’ is object.)
While changing the sentence into passive, this structure becomes
Have/has/had + subject + been + V3 + by + agent? (Passive Voice)
Has food been cooked by her? (Passive Voice)
(Here ‘food’ becomes subject in passive voice, ‘cooked’ is V3 (past participle) of cook, and ‘Latha’ is agent (doer).

More examples to clarify
Has Junaid written homework? (Active Voice)
Has homework been written by Junaid? (Passive Voice)
Has Raghu learnt English? (Active Voice)
Has English been learnt by Raghu? (Passive Voice)
Had they played cricket? (Active Voice)
Had cricket been played by them? (Passive Voice)

Questions beginning with "Modals"
Active voice starting with "Modals"
Modal + subject + verb + object? (Active Voice)

For example
Can Latha cook the food? (Active Voice)
(Here ‘Latha’ is subject, ‘cook’ is V3 verb and ‘food’ is object.)
While changing the sentence into passive, this structure becomes
Modal + subject + be + V3 + by + agent? (Passive Voice)
Can food be cooked by Latha? (Passive Voice)
(Here ‘food’ becomes subject in passive voice, ‘cooked’ is V3 (past participle) of cook, and ‘Latha’ is agent (doer)

More examples to clarify
Should Junaid write homework? (Active Voice)
Should homework be written by Junaid? (Passive Voice)
Would Raghu learn English? (Active Voice)
Would English be learnt by Raghu? (Passive Voice)
May they play cricket? (Active Voice)
May cricket be played by them? (Passive Voice)
"Wh" questions
Questions starting with what, why, where, when, who, whom etc are known as ‘wh’ questions.
Normal structure of “Wh” questions in active voice is
‘Wh’ word + auxiliary + subject + verb + object? (Active Voice)
For example
Why did she punish you? (Active Voice)
(Here ‘she’ is subject, ‘punish’ is verb and ‘you’ is object.)
While changing the sentence into passive, this structure becomes
‘Wh’ word + auxiliary + subject + V3 + by + agent? (Passive Voice)
Why were you punished by her? (Passive Voice)
(Here ‘you’ becomes subject in passive voice, ‘punished’ is V3 (past participle) of punish, and ‘her’ is agent (doer)

More examples to clarify.
1. Why have you bought this ticket? (Active Voice)
    Why has this ticket been bought by you? (Passive Voice)
2. When will you return the book? (Active Voice)
    When will the book be returned by you? (Passive Voice)
3. What did she buy? (Active Voice)
    What was bought by her? (Passive Voice)

Questions beginning with ‘who’
In such kind of sentences “who” acts as subject.
We can notice here some examples to clear.
1. Who wrote this letter? (Active Voice)
    By whom was this letter written? (Passive Voice)
2. Who will call him? (Active Voice)
     By whom will he be called? (Passive Voice)
3. Who painted this beautiful painting? (Active Voice)
     By whom was this beautiful painting painted? (Passive Voice)
4. Who invited you? (Active Voice)
    By whom were you invited? (Passive Voice)
5. Who can break Kohli’s record? (Active Voice)
     By whom can Kohli’s record be broken? (Passive Voice)

Questions beginning with ‘whom’
1.Whom has the principal honoured? (Active Voice)
   Who has been honoured by the principal? (Passive Voice)
2. Whom has the police arrested? (Active Voice)
    Who has been arrested by the police? (Passive Voice)
3. Whom have the people elected? (Active Voice)
     Who has been elected by the people? (Passive Voice)
4. Whom have the selectors selected? (Active Voice)
    Who has been selected by the selectors? (Passive Voice)
5. Whom has she called? (Active Voice)
    Who has been called by her? (Passive Voice)

Change the following sentences into Passive Voice.
1. My parents had arranged my marriage.
Ans:   
2. I realized it.
Ans:   
3. A porter had carried my trunk.
Ans: 
4. I gave him the can of wine.
Ans:   
5. He drank all of it at one go.
Ans:   

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